Buchanan County Soil Data

Buchanan County, Iowa

Avg pH

6.3

Texture

Silt loam

Drainage

Well drained

Organic Matter

3.9%

Hydrologic Group

B

Data Story

About Soil in Buchanan County, Iowa

Acidic Alfisols of Buchanan

Buchanan County is dominated by Alfisols, featuring a pH of 6.29 which is lower than the national median of 6.5. This taxonomic order typically forms under forest or savanna vegetation and is known for its clay-enriched subsoil. The county earns a soil score of 64.8, reflecting its unique agricultural profile compared to the state average of 72.9.

Silt Loam with Sandy Leanings

The dominant texture is silt loam, created by a mix of 45.1% sand, 36.2% silt, and 17.3% clay. With nearly half the soil composed of sand, this mix offers excellent aeration and workability for local farmers. The relatively low clay content ensures the soil doesn't become overly compacted or heavy when wet.

Exceeding National Organic Averages

The soil boasts 3.93% organic matter, surpassing the national average of 2.0% and the state average of 3.81%. Despite this richness, the available water capacity is 0.168 in/in, which is significantly lower than the state average of 0.195 in/in. This indicates that while the soil is nutrient-dense, it has a lower reservoir for holding water.

Well Drained and Reliable

Classified as well-drained and belonging to Hydrologic Group B, these soils manage water transmission effectively. This classification suggests a moderate rate of water movement, which prevents long-term ponding and makes the land suitable for diverse building projects. It is an ideal setup for crops that cannot tolerate 'wet feet' or saturated roots.

Diverse Planting in Zone 5a

Buchanan's Zone 5a climate and well-drained silt loams are perfect for orchard fruits and leafy greens. The high organic content supports vigorous growth, though consistent watering is key given the lower water capacity. Start your garden today to capitalize on these productive, well-aerated soils.

Soil Composition

Silt loam
Sand: 45.1%
Silt: 36.2%
Clay: 17.3%
Silt loam

Soil pH

6.3pH
6.29159779427502
Strongly AcidicSlightly AcidicNeutralSlightly AlkalineStrongly Alkaline
Ideal lawn range: 6.0 - 7.0

Soil Series

Detailed soil series data not yet available for this county.

Hydrologic Group

Group B — Moderate Runoff

Moderately deep, moderately well-drained soils with moderate infiltration rates. Good balance of drainage and water retention.

Runoff potential:Moderate

Drainage Class

Well drained

Water is removed from the soil readily but not rapidly. Optimal for most plants and construction.

Soil Profile

Dominant texture: Silt loam

O HorizonOrganic layer
0-2"
A HorizonTopsoil
2-10"
B HorizonSubsoil
10-30"
C HorizonParent material
30-60"
R HorizonBedrock
60"+

Typical soil profile. Actual depths vary by location.

Frequently Asked Questions

What type of soil does Buchanan County have?

Buchanan County's soil is classified as Silt loam. This indicates the relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay — 45% sand, 36% silt, and 17% clay. Loamy soils hold moisture well and support a wide range of plants.

Is Buchanan County's soil acidic or alkaline?

Buchanan County's soil has a pH of 6.3, which is moderately acidic. This range suits many crops and is common across much of the eastern US.

What is the drainage class for Buchanan County?

Buchanan County has a dominant drainage class of "Well drained." Well-drained soils allow excess water to move through quickly, reducing waterlogging risk and supporting most field and garden crops.

What crops or plants grow well in Buchanan County's soil?

Based on Buchanan County's Silt loam texture, pH of 6.3, and Well drained, the soil is well suited for vegetables, grains, and most field crops, row crops and vegetable gardens, most annual and perennial crops.

What USDA soil order is found in Buchanan County?

Buchanan County's dominant soil order is Alfisols. Alfisols are moderate to high base-status soils with a clay-enriched subsoil. They support productive forests and cropland across temperate regions.

Other Counties in Iowa

Soil data sourced from USDA SSURGO via Soil Data Access. Data is informational only and should not be used as a substitute for on-site soil testing. Contact your local NRCS office for site-specific soil information.