Columbia County Soil Data
Columbia County, Arkansas
Avg pH
5.3
Texture
Fine sandy loam
Drainage
Moderately well drained
Organic Matter
1.5%
Hydrologic Group
C
Data Story
About Soil in Columbia County, Arkansas
Fine Sandy Loam Ultisols
These Ultisols feature a pH of 5.29, ranking among the more acidic soils in the region compared to the 6.5 national median. The dominant texture is fine sandy loam, which provides a manageable structure for local growers. Most gardeners will need to add lime to raise the pH for vegetable production.
Excellent Aeration for Plant Roots
Sand accounts for 50.3% of the mix, paired with 36.5% silt and 13.2% clay. This composition ensures excellent aeration for plant roots, preventing the soil from becoming waterlogged. However, it may struggle to retain nutrients without regular additions of organic material like compost or manure.
Moisture Management in Columbia
Organic matter is relatively low at 1.53% compared to the Arkansas state average of 4.15%. The available water capacity of 0.142 in/in sits just below the state average of 0.148 in/in. Consistent watering and mulching are key to keeping your garden productive throughout the summer.
Moderate Drainage for Gritty Soils
The soil is moderately well drained and falls into Hydrologic Group C. This means water moves through the profile at a somewhat slow rate, which helps prevent the sandy soil from drying out instantly. It provides a stable environment for most landscaping as long as heavy rains can flow away.
Heat-Tolerant Crops for Zone 8b
Zone 8b provides a warm environment where heat-tolerant legumes and fruits like peaches can flourish. Your fine sandy loam is a great candidate for raised bed gardening to optimize nutrient management. Start planting today to take advantage of the long southern growing season.
Soil Composition
Soil pH
Soil Series
Detailed soil series data not yet available for this county.
Hydrologic Group
Group C — Moderate-High Runoff
Soils with slow infiltration rates, often with a layer that impedes downward water movement. Higher clay content restricts drainage.
Drainage Class
Moderately well drained
Water is removed somewhat slowly. May have a slowly permeable layer or seasonal water table.
Soil Profile
Dominant texture: Fine sandy loam
Typical soil profile. Actual depths vary by location.
USDA Soil Orders
Frequently Asked Questions
What type of soil does Columbia County have?
Columbia County's soil is classified as Fine sandy loam. This indicates the relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay — 50% sand, 36% silt, and 13% clay. Loamy soils hold moisture well and support a wide range of plants.
Is Columbia County's soil acidic or alkaline?
Columbia County's soil has a low pH of 5.3, which is strongly acidic. Acidic soils benefit from lime applications to raise pH and improve nutrient availability.
What is the drainage class for Columbia County?
Columbia County has a dominant drainage class of "Moderately well drained." Well-drained soils allow excess water to move through quickly, reducing waterlogging risk and supporting most field and garden crops.
What crops or plants grow well in Columbia County's soil?
Based on Columbia County's Fine sandy loam texture, pH of 5.3, and Moderately well drained, the soil is well suited for acid-loving plants like blueberries and azaleas, row crops and vegetable gardens, most annual and perennial crops.
What USDA soil order is found in Columbia County?
Columbia County's dominant soil order is Ultisols. Ultisols are highly weathered, clay-rich soils common in humid regions. They are low in natural fertility and often require lime and fertilizer for agriculture.
Planning your lawn? View lawn care data for Columbia County on LawnByCounty.com →
Other Counties in Arkansas
Soil data sourced from USDA SSURGO via Soil Data Access. Data is informational only and should not be used as a substitute for on-site soil testing. Contact your local NRCS office for site-specific soil information.