Gallatin County Soil Data

Gallatin County, Illinois

Avg pH

6.2

Texture

Silt loam

Drainage

Well drained

Organic Matter

1.9%

Hydrologic Group

B

Data Story

About Soil in Gallatin County, Illinois

Acidic Alfisols of the South

Gallatin's Alfisols have a silt loam texture and a pH of 6.22, leaning more acidic than the 6.5 national median. This pH level is also slightly lower than the Illinois state average of 6.39.

Silt Loam with Gritty Sand

The soil mix includes 60.1% silt and 21.5% clay, alongside a notable 18.4% sand content. This blend offers a good balance between nutrient holding and physical workability in the field.

Meeting National Fertility Standards

Organic matter measures 1.92%, nearly meeting the national 2.0% average but trailing the state's 2.94%. The available water capacity of 0.201 in/in is just under the Illinois average of 0.204.

Efficient Water Movement in Group B

These well-drained soils belong to hydrologic group B, ensuring that excess water moves away from plant roots efficiently. This characteristic makes the county particularly suitable for farming and sturdy home foundations.

Warm Growing Climate in Zone 7a

Gallatin County sits in Zone 7a, providing a warm climate for a variety of specialty crops. The well-drained silt loam is ideal for starting a productive home orchard or a diverse vegetable garden.

Soil Composition

Silt loam
Sand: 18.4%
Silt: 60.1%
Clay: 21.5%
Silt loam

Soil pH

6.2pH
6.22112120015792
Strongly AcidicSlightly AcidicNeutralSlightly AlkalineStrongly Alkaline
Ideal lawn range: 6.0 - 7.0

Soil Series

Detailed soil series data not yet available for this county.

Hydrologic Group

Group B — Moderate Runoff

Moderately deep, moderately well-drained soils with moderate infiltration rates. Good balance of drainage and water retention.

Runoff potential:Moderate

Drainage Class

Well drained

Water is removed from the soil readily but not rapidly. Optimal for most plants and construction.

Soil Profile

Dominant texture: Silt loam

O HorizonOrganic layer
0-2"
A HorizonTopsoil
2-10"
B HorizonSubsoil
10-30"
C HorizonParent material
30-60"
R HorizonBedrock
60"+

Typical soil profile. Actual depths vary by location.

Frequently Asked Questions

What type of soil does Gallatin County have?

Gallatin County's soil is classified as Silt loam. This indicates the relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay — 18% sand, 60% silt, and 22% clay. Loamy soils hold moisture well and support a wide range of plants.

Is Gallatin County's soil acidic or alkaline?

Gallatin County's soil has a pH of 6.2, which is moderately acidic. This range suits many crops and is common across much of the eastern US.

What is the drainage class for Gallatin County?

Gallatin County has a dominant drainage class of "Well drained." Well-drained soils allow excess water to move through quickly, reducing waterlogging risk and supporting most field and garden crops.

What crops or plants grow well in Gallatin County's soil?

Based on Gallatin County's Silt loam texture, pH of 6.2, and Well drained, the soil is well suited for vegetables, grains, and most field crops, row crops and vegetable gardens, most annual and perennial crops.

What USDA soil order is found in Gallatin County?

Gallatin County's dominant soil order is Alfisols. Alfisols are moderate to high base-status soils with a clay-enriched subsoil. They support productive forests and cropland across temperate regions.

Other Counties in Illinois

Soil data sourced from USDA SSURGO via Soil Data Access. Data is informational only and should not be used as a substitute for on-site soil testing. Contact your local NRCS office for site-specific soil information.