Des Moines County Soil Data
Des Moines County, Iowa
USDA SSURGO / PHZMAvg pH
6.3
Texture
Silt Loam
Drainage
N/A
Organic Matter
2.7%
Hydrologic Group
N/A
Data Story
About Soil in Des Moines County, Iowa
Slightly Acidic River Valley Soils
Des Moines County features an average soil pH of 6.25, which is more acidic than the 6.43 state average. While taxonomic data is not available, the soil score of 65.2 reflects the unique characteristics of this Mississippi River border region. This pH level is still within a productive range for many local agricultural staples.
Silty Soils for Smooth Texture
The county's soil is 54.3% silt, 23.2% clay, and 21.1% sand, creating a very fine-grained texture. This high silt percentage means the soil is smooth and easy to cultivate, though it can be sensitive to wind and water erosion. The balance of clay ensures that nutrients are held within the root zone.
Reliable Water for Growing Seasons
The soil contains 2.68% organic matter, which beats the national 2.0% average but is lower than the typical Iowa field. Available water capacity is measured at 0.187 in/in, providing a stable reservoir for crops during the summer months. Though it trails the state AWC average of 0.195, it remains a capable growing medium.
Moisture Management Near the River
The high silt content of 54.3% suggests that water moves through the profile at a moderate rate. While specific drainage classes aren't listed, the available water capacity indicates the soil can sustain plants through moderate dry spells. Careful land management is required to prevent the fine silt from washing away during heavy rains.
Warmer Opportunities in Zone 6a
Des Moines County enjoys a slightly warmer climate in Zone 6a, allowing for a longer growing season than most of Iowa. This extra warmth, combined with silty soil, is excellent for specialty crops like melons or tomatoes. Consider adding organic mulch to boost the 2.68% organic matter and protect your garden beds.
Soil Composition
Soil pH
Soil Series
Detailed soil series data not yet available for this county.
Hydrologic Group
Hydrologic group data not available.
Drainage Class
Drainage class data not available.
Soil Profile
Dominant texture: Silt Loam
Typical soil profile. Actual depths vary by location.
USDA Soil Orders
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Browse Soil AmendmentsFrequently Asked Questions
What type of soil does Des Moines County have?
Des Moines County's soil is classified as Silt Loam. This indicates the relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay — 21% sand, 54% silt, and 23% clay. Loamy soils hold moisture well and support a wide range of plants.
Is Des Moines County's soil acidic or alkaline?
Des Moines County's soil has a pH of 6.3, which is moderately acidic. This range suits many crops and is common across much of the eastern US.
What is the drainage class for Des Moines County?
Drainage class data is not currently available for Des Moines County.
What crops or plants grow well in Des Moines County's soil?
Based on Des Moines County's Silt Loam texture, pH of 6.3, and drainage class, the soil is well suited for vegetables, grains, and most field crops, row crops and vegetable gardens.
What USDA soil order is found in Des Moines County?
The dominant USDA soil order for Des Moines County is not currently available in our dataset.
Soil & Planting Advisory: Des Moines County
Soil Verdict
Des Moines County is in USDA hardiness zone 6a, a moderate climate zone. where winter lows can reach -10°F. Freeze-thaw cycles are moderate; soil biology slows in winter but recovers reliably in spring, supporting a broad range of plants.
Planting Guidance
A wide plant palette is possible: deciduous trees, most shrubs, cool-season vegetables, and many perennials thrive here. Winter protection (mulch, burlap wraps) helps push the zone boundary for desired species. Always match plant selections to the specific microclimate of your property — low spots, slopes, and wind exposure can shift effective hardiness by half a zone.
Soil Implications
Moderate freeze-thaw cycles naturally aerate the soil but can also cause compaction in clay-heavy areas; annual core aeration is beneficial. Organic matter amendments decompose at a moderate pace — aim for 3-5% organic content for optimal fertility. When soil temperatures drop below freezing, microbial nitrogen cycling stops; spring fertilization is more effective than late-fall application.
Regional Context
Des Moines County is somewhat warmer than the Iowa statewide average. The zone range of 5b-6a within the county means soil and planting decisions should account for local elevation and topography.
Planning your lawn? View lawn care data for Des Moines County on LawnByCounty.com →
Other Counties in Iowa
Soil data sourced from USDA SSURGO via Soil Data Access. Data is informational only and should not be used as a substitute for on-site soil testing. Contact your local NRCS office for site-specific soil information.