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Caledonia County Soil Data

Caledonia County, Vermont

USDA SSURGO / PHZM

Avg pH

4.5

Texture

Loam

Drainage

N/A

Organic Matter

47.9%

Hydrologic Group

N/A

Data Story

About Soil in Caledonia County, Vermont

Sharply Acidic Northern Soils

Caledonia’s pH of 4.51 is very acidic, sitting nearly two points below the national 6.5 median. This sharp acidity is even lower than the Vermont average of 4.86, defining the unique chemistry of this northern landscape.

Sandy Soils for Easy Tilling

The soil is relatively sandy at 38.4%, with a very low clay content of only 3.9%. This high-sand, low-clay profile means the soil drains quickly and is exceptionally easy to till in the early spring.

Vast Organic Matter for Resilient Growth

With 47.89% organic matter, the soil is incredibly rich compared to the 2.0% national average. The water capacity of 0.304 in/in is significantly higher than the state average, providing a great buffer for dry spells.

Quick Drainage in the Highlands

Low clay percentages suggest rapid drainage, ensuring the ground does not hold onto excess moisture for long periods. This is a significant advantage for preventing root rot in the damp Vermont climate.

Hardy Crops for a Shorter Season

Zone 4b brings a shorter growing season, but hardy crops like kale and potatoes thrive here. Use the county's strong 67.1 soil score to your advantage by planting cold-tolerant varieties.

Soil Composition

Loam
Sand: 38.4%
Silt: 23.3%
Clay: 3.9%
Loam

Soil pH

4.5pH
4.50832141232665
Strongly AcidicSlightly AcidicNeutralSlightly AlkalineStrongly Alkaline
Ideal lawn range: 6.0 - 7.0

Soil Series

Detailed soil series data not yet available for this county.

Hydrologic Group

Hydrologic group data not available.

Drainage Class

Drainage class data not available.

Soil Profile

Dominant texture: Loam

O HorizonOrganic layer
0-2"
A HorizonTopsoil
2-10"
B HorizonSubsoil
10-30"
C HorizonParent material
30-60"
R HorizonBedrock
60"+

Typical soil profile. Actual depths vary by location.

Acidic Soil Detected

Your county's average pH is 4.5. These products help balance soil pH for healthier grass.

Browse Soil Amendments

Frequently Asked Questions

What type of soil does Caledonia County have?

Caledonia County's soil is classified as Loam. This indicates the relative proportions of sand, silt, and clay — 38% sand, 23% silt, and 4% clay. Loamy soils hold moisture well and support a wide range of plants.

Is Caledonia County's soil acidic or alkaline?

Caledonia County's soil has a low pH of 4.5, which is strongly acidic. Acidic soils benefit from lime applications to raise pH and improve nutrient availability.

What is the drainage class for Caledonia County?

Drainage class data is not currently available for Caledonia County.

What crops or plants grow well in Caledonia County's soil?

Based on Caledonia County's Loam texture, pH of 4.5, and drainage class, the soil is well suited for acid-loving plants like blueberries and azaleas, row crops and vegetable gardens.

What USDA soil order is found in Caledonia County?

The dominant USDA soil order for Caledonia County is not currently available in our dataset.

Soil & Planting Advisory: Caledonia County

Soil Verdict

Caledonia County is in USDA hardiness zone 4b, a cold climate zone. where winter lows can reach -25°F. Soils here experience deep freeze cycles that can disrupt structure, kill shallow roots, and slow microbial activity for months each year.

Planting Guidance

Focus on cold-hardy perennials, native grasses, and conifers. The short growing window favors plants with low heat requirements. With extreme winter lows, any marginally hardy plants need heavy mulch and wind protection. Always match plant selections to the specific microclimate of your property — low spots, slopes, and wind exposure can shift effective hardiness by half a zone.

Soil Implications

Deep winter freezing can create soil heaving that pushes shallow-rooted plants out of the ground; add 3-4 inches of organic mulch each fall. Soil drainage is critical — frozen, waterlogged soil kills roots faster than cold alone. When soil temperatures drop below freezing, microbial nitrogen cycling stops; spring fertilization is more effective than late-fall application.

Regional Context

Caledonia County is somewhat cooler than the Vermont statewide average.

Other Counties in Vermont

By Evan Brooks, Data EditorUpdated Reviewed by Evan Brooks, Data Editor

Soil data sourced from USDA SSURGO via Soil Data Access. Data is informational only and should not be used as a substitute for on-site soil testing. Contact your local NRCS office for site-specific soil information.